Oxygen is less concentrated at high altitude.
If you have ever dreamed of climbing the Seven Summits or wanted to hike the Inca Trail, certain precautions must be undertaken to deal with the challenges of unfamiliar altitudes. Dizziness, fatigue, headaches, nausea and shallowness of breath are just a few of the symptoms of altitude sickness, which can result from the decrease in air pressure at miles above sea level. Oxygen is less concentrated at high altitude, and adjusting to this can take one to three days.
Instructions
8,000 to 12,000 Feet
1. Drink at least 3 quarts of water per day. Proper hydration will help keep your respiratory patterns consistent so you can avoid feeling short of breath.
2. Avoid using alcohol and tobacco, since even small amounts of these drugs will contribute to breathing problems. Maintaining proper breathing patterns is crucial at these heights.
3. Start your trek below 8,000 feet and climb slowly. Slow but steady climbing is key for minimizing symptoms of altitude sickness. If symptoms do occur, wait until you feel better before resuming your trek.
12,000 to 18,000 Feet
4. Provide an adequate amount of time for people in your group to adjust to altitudes above 10,000 feet. Different people will adjust at different speeds, but wait until everyone has acclimated before ascending again.
5. Increase your elevation by a maximum of 1,000 feet per day after reaching 10,000 feet. Climbing faster than this pace will encourage the onset of altitude sickness.
6. Rest for an extra day after every 3,000-foot increase in altitude. At these heights, your body requires even more time to adjust.
18,000 Feet and Higher
7. Eat a carbohydrate-rich diet to assist in your adaptation to extremely high altitudes. Carbohydrates should make up at least 70 percent of your caloric intake at altitude. A loss of appetite often occurs at these heights, but you will need the extra energy.
8. Use supplemental oxygen during your climb, since people can't completely acclimate at these heights. Oxygen tanks can be purchased at stores specializing in mountaineering equipment.
9. Ask your porters how they are feeling. If you have hired local guides to help you in your climb, ensure that they are symptom free.
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